Bibliography

W. E. H. Lecky, “History of European Morals from Augustine to Charlemagne” (New York, D. Appleton & Co., 1869), 2, pp. 107 ff.

I. Gregory Smith, “Christian Monasticism from the Fourth to the Ninth Centuries of the Christian Era.” London, A. D. Innes & Co., 1892.

Abbot Gasquet, “English Monastic Life.” London, Methuen & Co., 1904. Contains illustrations, maps, and plans.

Herbert B. Workman, “The Evolution of the Monastic Ideal from the Earliest Times Down to the Coming of the Friars.” London, Charles H. Kelly, 1913.