Footnotes

[274] See his “Manual of Physical Exercises: Comprising Gymnastics, Calisthenics, Rowing, Sailing, Skating, Swimming, Fencing, Sparring, Cricket, Baseball. Together with Rules for Training and Sanitary Suggestions.” New York, Harper & Brothers, 1867. Second edition, enlarged, in 1870.

[275] Quoted by Dr. Gulick in the Association Seminar for May, 1908, in the course of an authoritative and exhaustive paper on Roberts and his work.

[276] Compiled by A. K. Jones. Cedar Rapids, Iowa, 1889. Other editions later.

[277] See “The Body Builder, Robert J. Roberts,” by B. Deane Brink. New York and London, Association Press, 1916.

[278] Some knowledge of Dr. Gulick’s ancestry is required if one seeks to explain the work he accomplished with such limited preparation of a formal sort. Peter Johnson Gulick (1797-1877), the third of seven sons of a New Jersey farmer, and a descendant of Hendrick Gulick, who came to this country from the Netherlands in 1653, was graduated from Princeton College in 1825, studied afterwards in Princeton Theological Seminary, married Fanny Hinckley Thomas, of English ancestry, and in November of 1827 sailed with her from Boston under appointment as a missionary of the American Board. The following March, only eight years after the opening of the mission to the Hawaiian Islands, they reached Honolulu by way of Cape Horn, and in this field he remained in active service for forty-six years. Of his eight children one died during student days in America, and all the rest became missionaries. Luther Halsey, the oldest son (1828-1891), came to the United States and entered an academy in Auburn, New York, in the fall of 1841, and after further study with a physician in Amboy, New Jersey, went to New York City for three years in medicine, first in the College of Physicians and Surgeons and then in the medical department of the University of New York, from which he was graduated in the spring of 1850. The next year he was ordained as a missionary, married Louisa Lewis, daughter of a New York merchant, and started back on the long journey around Cape Horn. For eight years (1852-1860) he was stationed at Ponape and Ebon Islands, in Micronesia. At the end of that time, broken in health, he returned to Honolulu. Several years of public speaking on missionary topics in the United States followed, and then from January of 1864 till February of 1870 he was secretary of the Board of the Hawaiian Evangelical Association, the agent of the American Board on the Hawaiian Islands and in Micronesia. See “Luther Halsey Gulick, Missionary in Hawaii, Micronesia, Japan, and China,” by Frances Gulick Jewett (Boston and Chicago, Congregational Sunday School and Publishing Society, 1895).

[279] Physical Education 1, 25 (April, 1892).

[280] In 1900, not yet thirty-five years old, Dr. Gulick resigned his position at the Springfield Training School in order to become principal of the Pratt Institute High School, in Brooklyn. Three years later he was appointed director of physical training in the public schools of greater New York, but retained this office only until 1908, and then accepted the directorship of the department of child hygiene under the Russell Sage Foundation. In 1913 he became president of the “Camp Fire Girls.” A study of his labors since 1900, in these new fields, in organizations like the American Physical Education Association and the Playground Association of America, and as an advocate of the Efficient Life by spoken and written words which reached an ever-growing audience would carry us beyond the immediate object of this sketch, which is to suggest the place he has filled in the evolution of ideals, means, and methods of physical training in the Young Men’s Christian Associations of North America. He died at Camp Gulick, on Sebago Lake, Maine, August 13, 1918. The following books suggest his later interests: “The Efficient Life” (1907); “Mind and Work” (1908), “Medical Inspection of Schools” (with Leonard P. Ayres, 1909), “The Healthful Art of Dancing” (1910), “The Dynamics of Manhood” (1917), and “A Philosophy of Play” (1920).

[281] See the “Army and Navy Athletic Handbook,” New York, Association Press, 1919.