List of Abbreviations Used in This Dictionary

Deleterious, del-e-tē′ri-us, adj. tending to destroy life: hurtful or destructive: poisonous.—adv. Deletē′riously.—n. Deletē′riousness. [Gr. dēlētērios, hurtful—deleisthai, to hurt.]

Delf, delf, n. a contraction for Delft′ware, a kind of earthenware originally made at Delft, Holland.

Delf, delf, n. a drain, ditch: (her.) a charge representing a square sod. [A.S. dælf—delfan, to dig.]

Delian, dē′li-an, adj. pertaining to Delos in the Ægean Sea, birthplace of Apollo and Artemis.

Delibate, del′i-bāt, v.t. (obs.) to sip.—n. Delibā′tion.

Deliberate, de-lib′ėr-āt, v.t. to weigh well in one's mind.—v.i. to consider the reasons for and against anything: to reflect: to consider.—adj. well considered: considering carefully: slow in determining: cautious.—adv. Delib′erately.—ns. Delib′erateness; Deliberā′tion, the act of deliberating: mature reflection: calmness: coolness.—adj. Delib′erative, proceeding or acting by deliberation.—adv. Delib′eratively. [L. deliberāre, -ātum—de, inten., and librāre, to weigh—libra, a balance.]

Delicate, del′i-kāt, adj. pleasing to the senses, esp. the taste: dainty: nicely discriminating or perceptive: of a fine, slight texture or constitution: tender: frail, not robust: requiring nice handling: refined in manners: gentle, polite, considerate: luxurious.—n. Del′icacy, state or quality of being delicate: refinement: nicety: tenderness, weakness: luxuriousness: anything delicate or dainty.—adv. Del′icately, in a delicate manner: (B.) luxuriously.—n. Del′icateness, state of being delicate: (B.) delicacy, luxury.—n.pl. Del′icates (B.), delicacies. [L. delicātus—deliciæ, allurements, luxury—delicĕre—de, inten., lacĕre, to entice.]

Delice, del′is, n. (Spens.) flower delice, the iris. [See Fleur-de-lis.]

Delicious, de-lish′us, adj. full of delicacies: highly pleasing to the senses: affording exquisite pleasure.—n. Del′ice, (Spens.), delight: a delight or delightful thing.—adv. Deli′ciously, in a delicious manner: (B.) luxuriously.—n. Deli′ciousness. [L. deliciosus—deliciæ.]

Delict, de-likt′, n. a transgression, a misdemeanour. [L. delictum, an offence—de, and linquĕre, to leave.]

Deligation, del-i-gā′shun, n. a binding up, ligature.

Delight, de-līt′, v.t. to please highly.—v.i. to have or take great pleasure: to be greatly pleased.—n. a high degree of pleasure: extreme satisfaction: that which gives great pleasure.—p.adj. Delight′ed, greatly pleased: (Shak.) delightful.—adjs. Delight′ful, Delight′some, full of delight.—adv. Delight′fully.—n. Delight′fulness.—adj. Delight′less, affording no delight. [O. Fr. deliter—L. delectāre, inten. of delicĕre.]

Delilah, dē-lī′la, n. the Philistine woman who befooled Samson: a courtesan who seduces a man to betray secrets: a light woman, strumpet.—Also Dalī′la.

Delimit, de-lim′it, v.t. to fix or mark the limit of.—n. Delimitā′tion.

Delineate, de-lin′e-āt, v.t. to mark out with lines: to represent by a sketch or picture: to portray: to describe accurately in words.—adj. Delin′eable.—ns. Delineā′tion, the act of delineating: a sketch, representation, or description (sometimes Delin′eament); Delin′eator. [L. delineāre, -ātum—de, down, and linea, a line.]

Delinquent, de-ling′kwent, adj. failing in duty.—n. one who fails in or leaves his duty: a transgressor: a criminal.—n. Delin′quency, failure in or omission of duty: a fault: a crime.—adv. Delin′quently. [L. delinquens, -entis, pr.p. of delinquĕre—de, inten., and linquĕre, to leave.]

Deliquesce, del-i-kwes′, v.i. to melt and become liquid by absorbing moisture, as certain salts, &c.—v.i. and v.t. Del′iquate, Deliq′uiate, to melt.—ns. Deliques′cence, Deliquiā′tion.—adj. Deliques′cent, liquefying in the air. [L. deliquescĕre—de, inten., liquescĕre, to become fluid—liquēre, to be fluid.]

Deliquium, de-lik′wi-um, n. liquefaction by absorption of moisture. [Fr.,—Low L. deliquium—L. de, down, and liquēre, to melt.]

Delirious, de-lir′i-us, adj. wandering in mind: light-headed: insane.—n. Delirā′tion, madness, an aberration.—adj. Delirifā′cient, producing delirium.—n. any substance with this quality.—adv. Delir′iously.—ns. Delir′iousness; Delir′ium, state of being delirious: strong excitement: wild enthusiasm.—Delirium tremens, a delirious disorder of the brain produced by excessive drinking, and often marked by convulsive or trembling symptoms. [L. delirus, crazy—de, from, and lira, a furrow; tremens, the pr.p. of tremĕre, to tremble.]

Delitescent, del-i-tes′ent, adj. lying hid or concealed—e.g. the germs of an infectious disease.—n. Delites′cence. [L. delitescens, pr.p. of delitescĕre—de, from, and latescĕre—latēre, to lie hid.]

Deliver, de-liv′ėr, v.t. to liberate or set free from restraint or danger: to rescue from evil or fear: to give up or part with: to communicate: to pronounce: to give forth, as a blow, a ball, &c.: to disburden a woman of a child in childbirth.—adj. Deliv′erable.—ns. Deliv′erance, act of delivering or freeing: act of transferring from one to another: parturition: the utterance of a judgment or authoritative opinion; Deliv′erer; Deliv′ery, the act of delivering: a giving up: the act or manner of speaking in public, of discharging a shot, of throwing a cricket-ball, of pouring water, &c.: the act of giving birth.—General delivery, the delivery of letters from a post-office window to the persons to whom they are addressed—opp. to house to house delivery; Gaol, or Jail, delivery (see Gaol). [Fr. délivrer—L. de, from, liberāre, to set free—liber, free.]

Deliverly, de-liv′ėr-li, adv. (Shak.) nimble manner. [O. Fr. delivre, free—L. de, and liber, free.]

Dell. See Dale.

Della-Cruscan, del-la-krus′kan, adj. belonging to, or resembling, the old Florentine Accademia della Crusca (1582), esp. of a group of sentimental English poetasters resident in Florence about 1784—crushed by Gifford's Baviad in 1794.

Della-Robbia, del-la-rob′ya, n. a term applied to enamelled terra-cotta, said to have been invented by Luca della Robbia.

Delph, an erroneous spelling of Delf.

Delphian, del′fi-an, adj. relating to Delphi, a town of ancient Greece, or to the famous oracle which was there.—Also Del′phic.

Delphin, del′fin, adj. pertaining to the dauphin of France, or to an edition of the Latin classics prepared for his use, 64 vols., 1674-1730.

Delphinidæ, del-fin′i-dē, n. a family of cetaceans, including dolphins, grampuses, &c. [L. delphinus, a dolphin.]

Delphinium, del-fin′i-um, n. a genus of Ranunculaceæ comprising the larkspurs and stavesacre. [Formed from Gr. delphinion, larkspur.]

Delta, del′ta, n. the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet, the capital form of which is Δ: a tract of land of like shape formed at the mouth of a river.—n. Deltaficā′tion, the process of forming a delta.—adj. Del′toid, of the form of the Greek Δ: triangular.—Delta metal, a hard alloy of copper, zinc, and iron—the three metals symbolised by the triangular shape; Deltoid muscle, the large triangular muscle of the shoulder. [Gr.,—Heb. daleth, a tent-door.]

Delubrum, de-lū′brum, n. a temple, shrine, sanctuary: a church having a font, a fort. [L.]

Deluce. See Fleur-de-lis.

Delude, de-lūd′, v.t. to play or impose upon: to deceive.—adj. Delud′able.—n. Delud′er. [L. deludĕre, to play—de, down, ludĕre, lusum, to play.]

Deluge, del′ūj, n. a great overflow of water: a flood: esp. that in the days of Noah.—v.t. to inundate: to overwhelm as with water. [Fr.,—L. diluvium—diluĕre—dis, away, luĕre, to wash.]

Delundung, de-lun′dung, n. the weasel-cat of Java and Malacca, a small carnivore akin to the civet.

Delusion, de-lū′zhun, n. the act of deluding: the state of being deluded: a false belief: error.—adj. Delū′sional, pertaining to delusions, afflicted with such.—n. Delū′sionist.—adjs. Delū′sive, Delū′sory, apt or tending to delude: deceptive.—adv. Delū′sively.—n. Delū′siveness. [See Delude.]

Delve, delv, v.t. and v.i. to dig with a spade.—n. (Spens.) a place dug out, a ditch, a cave.—n. Delv′er. [A.S. delfan, to dig; conn. with dale, dell.]

Demagnetise, de-mag′net-īz, v.t. to deprive of magnetic power.—n. Demagnetisā′tion.

Demagogue, dem′a-gog, n. a leader of the people: a popular and factious orator.—adjs. Demagogic, -al (-goj′).—ns. Demagogism, Demagoguism (dem′a-gog-ism); Dem′agoguery, Demagogy (-goj′). [Fr.,—Gr. dēmogōgos—dēmos, the people, agogos, leading—agein, to lead.]

Demain. See Demesne.

Demand, dē-mand′, v.t. to claim: to ask earnestly or authoritatively: to call for: to question.—n. the asking for what is due: an asking for with authority: a claim: earnest inquiry.—adj. Demand′able, that may be demanded.—n. Demand′ant, one who demands: a plaintiff:—fem. Demand′ress.—In great demand, much sought after. [Fr.,—Low L. demandāre, to demand—L. de, from, and mandāre, to put into one's charge.]

Demarcation, Demarkation, de-mark-ā′shun, n. the act of marking off or setting bounds to: division: a fixed limit.—v.t. Demar′cate, to mark off or limit. [Fr.,—dé, off, and marquer, to mark. See Mark.]

Dematerialise, dē-ma-tē′ri-al-īz, v.t. to deprive of material qualities.

Deme, dēm, n. a subdivision of ancient Attica and of modern Greece, a township: (biol.) any differentiated aggregate of cells. [Gr. dēmos.]

Demean, de-mēn′, v.t. to conduct (with self): to behave.—n. Demeanour, conduct—(Spens.) Demayne, Demeasnure. [O. Fr. demener—de, inten., and mener, to lead—Low L. mināre, to drive cattle, L. mināri, to threaten.]

Demean, de-mēn′, v.t. to make mean: to lower. [More prob. on the analogy of debase, from de, and mean, low, than the same word as the preceding with specialised sense.]

Dement, de-ment′, v.t. to drive crazy, render insane.—adj. insane, demented.—n. a demented person.—v.t. Dement′āte, to dement.—p.adj. Dement′ed, out of one's mind: insane: suffering from dementia. [L. demens, dementis, out of one's mind—de, from, and mens, the mind.]

Démenti, dā-mong-tē, n. a contradiction. [Fr. démentir, to give the lie to.]

Dementia, de-men′shi-a, n. general mental enfeeblement, with loss of memory, reason, feeling, and will: often the consequence of acute mania. [L. de, neg., and mens, mentis, mind.]

Demerit, de-mer′it, n. ill-desert: fault: crime. [O. Fr. demerite, desert, also a fault—Low L. demeritum, a fault, demerēre, to deserve—L. de, fully, merēre, to deserve.]

Demersed, dē-merst′, adj. (bot.) growing under water.—n. Demer′sion.

Demesmerise, de-mes′mer-īz, v.t. to relieve from mesmeric influence.—n. Demesmerisā′tion.

Demesne, de-mēn′, Demain, de-mān′, n. a manor-house, with lands adjacent to it not let out to tenants: any estate in land. [Forms of domain.]

Demi-bastion, dem′i-bast′yun, n. a kind of half-bastion, consisting of one face and one flank. [Fr. demi—L. dimidius, half, and bastion.]

Demi-cadence, dem′i-kā′dens, n. (mus.) a half-cadence.

Demi-cannon, dem′i-kan′un, n. (Shak.) an old gun which threw a ball of from 30 to 36 lbs.

Demi-culverin, dem′i-cul′ve-rin, n. an old kind of cannon which threw a shot of 9 or 10 lbs.

Demi-deify, dem′i-dē′i-fī, v.t. to treat as a demi-god.

Demi-devil, dem′i-dev′il, n. a half-devil.

Demi-distance, dem′i-dis′tans, n. (fort.) the distance between the outward polygons and the flank.

Demi-ditone, dem′i-dī-tōn, n. (mus.) a minor third.

Demigod, dem′i-god, n. half a god: one whose nature is partly divine, esp. a hero fabled to be the offspring of a god and a mortal:—fem. Dem′i-godd′ess. [Fr. demi, half, and god.]

Demi-gorge, dem′i-gorj, n. (fort.) the part of the polygon remaining after the flank is raised, going from the curtain to the angle of the polygon.

Demi-john, dem′i-jon, n. a glass bottle with a full body and narrow neck, enclosed in wicker-work. [Fr. dame-jeanne, Dame Jane, analogous to Bellarmine, gray-beard. Not from the town Damaghan.]

Demi-lance, dem′i-lans, n. a short, light spear of the 16th century; a soldier armed with such a weapon.

Demi-lune, dem′i-lōōn, n. (fort.) a half-moon: an old name for Ravelin. [L. demi, half, and Fr. lune—L. luna, the moon.]

Demi-monde, dem′i-mond, n. women in an equivocal position, kept women: the prostitute class generally.

Demirep, dem′i-rep, n. a woman of dubious reputation.—n. Dem′irepdom, shady women collectively. [Said to be a contraction of demi-reputation.]

Demise, dē-mīz′, n. a transferring: death, esp. of a sovereign or a distinguished person: a transfer of the crown or of an estate to a successor.—v.t. to send down to a successor: to bequeath by will.—adj. Demī′sable. [O. Fr. demise, pa.p. of desmettre, to lay down—L. dimittĕre, to send away—L. dis, aside, and mittĕre, missum, to send.]

Demi-semiquaver, dem′i-sem′i-kwā-vėr, n. (mus.) a note equal in time to the half of a semiquaver. [Fr. demi, half, and semiquaver.]

Demiss, de-mis′, adj. (Spens.) humble. [L. demissus, pa.p. of demittĕre. See Demise.]

Demission, de-mish′un, n. a lowering: degradation: depression: relinquishment: resignation.—adj. Demiss′ive (obs.), humble.—adv. Demiss′ly. [L. demission-em. See Demise.]

Demit, de-mit′, v.t. to dismiss: to relinquish: to resign. [See Demise.]

Demiurge, dem′i-urj, n. the maker of the world: among the Gnostics, the creator of the world and of man, subordinate to God the supreme—also Demiur′gus.—adj. Demiur′gic. [Gr. dēmiourgos—dēmos, the people, and ergon, a work.]

Demi-volt, dem′i-volt, n. a half-turn of a horse, the forelegs being raised in the air. [Fr. demi-volte—demi, half, and volte, a leap. See Vault.]

Demi-wolf, dem′i-woolf, n. (Shak.) a half-wolf, the offspring of a dog and a wolf.

Demobilise, de-mob′il-īz, v.t. to take out of mobilisation: to disband.—n. Demobilisā′tion. [Fr.]

Democracy, de-mok′ra-si, n. a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people collectively, and is administered by them or by officers appointed by them: the people, esp. the common people in the United States, the democratic party—also Democ′raty (Milt.).—n. Dem′ocrat, one who adheres to or promotes democracy as a principle: a member of the democratic party in the United States, who preserve carefully the local liberties of states and of individuals, opposing national centralisation, and supporting a wide franchise, low tariff duties for the interests of the revenue rather than protection, and a limited public expenditure.—adjs. Democrat′ic, -al, relating to democracy: insisting on equal rights and privileges for all.—adv. Democrat′ically.—adj. Democratifī′able, capable of being made democratic.—v.t. Democratise′, to render democratic.—n. Democ′ratist, a democrat. [O. Fr.,—Gr. dēmokratia—dēmos, the people, and kratein, to rule—kratos, strength.]

Demogorgon, dē-mo-gor′gon, n. a mysterious deity or diabolical magician first mentioned about 450 A.D., and regarded as an object of terror. [Gr. daimōn, deity, gorgos, terrible.]

Demography, dē-mog′ra-fi, n. vital and social statistics, as applied to the study of nations and races.—n. Demog′rapher.—adj. Demograph′ic. [Gr. dēmos, the people, graphein, to write.]

Demoiselle, dem-wa-zel′, n. (Shak.) a young lady: a crane-like bird of peculiarly graceful form. [Fr. See Damsel.]

Demolish, de-mol′ish, v.t. to destroy, lay in ruins, to ruin.—n. Demoli′tion, act of pulling down: ruin. [Fr. démolir—L. demolīri, to throw down—de, down, and molīri, to build—moles, a heap.]

Demology, de-mol′o-jī, n. same as Demography: the theory of the origin and development of nations. [Gr. dēmos, the people, logia, a discourse.]

Demon, dē′mon, n. an evil spirit, a devil: sometimes like Dæmon, a friendly spirit or good genius:—fem. Dē′moness.—adjs. Demō′niac, Demōnī′acal, pertaining to or like demons or evil spirits: influenced by demons.—ns. Demō′niac, a human being possessed by a demon or evil spirit.—adv. Demonī′acally.—n. Demonī′acism, state of being a demoniac.—adj. Demō′nian (Milt.).—ns. Demō′nianism, Demō′niasm, possession by a demon.—v.t. Dē′monise, to convert into a demon: to control or possess by a demon.—ns. Dē′monism, a belief in demons; Dē′monist, a believer in demons; Demonoc′racy, the power of demons; Demonol′atry, the worship of demons; Demonol′ater, one who worships such; Demonology, an account of, or the study of, demons and their agency.—adjs. Demonolog′ic, -al.—ns. Demonol′ogist, a writer on demonology; Demonomā′nia, a form of mania in which the subject believes himself possessed by devils; Demon′omy, the dominion of demons; Dē′monry, demoniacal influence. [L. dæmon—Gr. daimōn, a spirit, genius; in N. T. and Late Greek, a devil.]

Demonetise, dē-mon′e-tīz, n. to divest of value as money.—n. Demonetisā′tion.

Demonstrate, de-mon′strāt, v.t. to show or point out clearly: to prove with certainty.—adj. Demon′strable, that may be demonstrated.—ns. Demon′strableness, Demonstrabil′ity.—adv. Demon′strably.—ns. Demonstrā′tion, a pointing out: proof beyond doubt: expression of the feelings by outward signs: expression of sympathy with political or social opinions, with a man or body of men, by a mass-meeting, a procession, &c.: show: a movement of troops or ships to exhibit military intention, or in war to deceive the enemy.—adj. Demon′strative, making evident: proving with certainty: of the nature of proof: given to the manifestation of one's feelings.—adv. Demon′stratively.—ns. Demon′strativeness; Dem′onstrator, one who proves beyond doubt: one who teaches: (anat.) one who teaches anatomy from the dissected parts.—adj. Demon′stratory, demonstrative. [L. demonstrāre, -ātum—de, inten., and monstrāre, to show.]

Demoralise, de-mor′al-īz, v.t. to corrupt in morals: to lower the morale—that is, to deprive of spirit and confidence: to throw into confusion.—n. Demoralisā′tion, act of demoralising: corruption or subversion of morals.—p.adj. Demoralīs′ing.

Demos, dē′mos, n. the people, esp. the lower classes.—adj. Demot′ic, pertaining to the people: popular: in Egypt. ant., of a kind of writing distinguished from the hieratic, or priestly, and from hieroglyphics. [Gr.]

Demosthenic, de-mos-then′ik, adj. of or like Demosthenes, the Athenian orator: eloquent.

Dempster. Same as Deemster (q.v. under Deem).

Dempt, demt (Spens.). Pa.p. of Deem.

Demulcent, de-mul′sent, adj. soothing. [L. demulcent-em—de, and mulcēre, to stroke, to soothe.]

Demur, de-mur′, v.i. to hesitate from uncertainty or before difficulty: to object:—pr.p. demur′ring; pa.p. demurred′.—n. a stop: pause, hesitation.—adj. Demur′rable.—ns. Demur′rage, an allowance made for undue delay or detention of a vessel in port: compensation paid by the freighter to the owner of the same: allowance for undue detention of railway-wagons, &c.; Demur′rer, one who demurs: (law) a plea in law that, even if the opponent's facts are as he says, they yet do not support his case. [Fr. demeurer—L. demorāri, to loiter, linger—de, inten., and morāri, to delay—mora, delay.]

Demure, de-mūr′, adj. sober: staid: modest: affectedly modest: making a show of gravity.—adv. Demure′ly.—n. Demure′ness. [O. Fr. de (bons) murs, of good manners—L. de, of, mores, manners.]

Demy, de-mī′, n. a size of paper 22½ by 17½ in.; in the United States 21 by 16 in. [Fr. demi—L. dimidium, half—di, apart, medius, the middle.]

Demy, de-mī′, n. a holder of certain scholarships in Magdalen College, Oxford.—n. Demy′ship. [Ety. same as above.]

Den, den, n. the hollow lair of a wild beast: a kind of pit, a cave: a haunt of vice or misery: (coll.) a private retreat for work: (prov.) a narrow valley.—v.i. to retire to a den. [A.S. denn, a cave, and denu, a valley.]

Den, den, n. (obs.) for good-e'en, good-even.

Denary, den′ar-i, adj. containing ten.—n. the number ten.—n. Denā′rius, the chief Roman silver coin under the Republic, divided into ten asses, and worth 92⁄5d. [L. denarius—deni—decem, ten.]

Denationalise, de-nash′un-al-īz, v.t. to deprive of national rights.—n. Denationalisā′tion.

Denaturalise, de-nat′ū-ral-īz, v.t. to make unnatural; to deprive of naturalisation.

Denay, de-nā′, obs. form of Deny, Denial.

Dendrachate, den′dra-kāt, n. arborescent agate.—Moss′-ag′ate. [Gr. dendron, tree, achatēs, agate.]

Dendriform, den′dri-form, adj. having the appearance of a tree. [Formed from Gr. dendron, a tree, and L. forma, form.]

Dendrite, den′drīt, n. a mineral in which are figures resembling plants.—adjs. Dendrit′ic, -al, tree-like, arborescent: marked with branching figures like plants. [Gr. dendritēs, of a tree—dendron, a tree.]

Dendrodont, den′drō-dont, n. a fish of extinct fossil genus Dendrodus, having teeth of dendritic structure.—adj. having such teeth.—n. Dendroden′tine, the form of branched dentine seen in compound teeth, produced by the interblending of the dentine, enamel, and cement. [Gr. dendron, a tree, and odous, odontos, tooth.]

Dendroid, den′droid, adj. having the form of a tree. [Gr. dendron, a tree, and eidos, form.]

Dendrolite, den′dro-līt, n. a petrified or fossil plant. [Gr. dendron, a tree, and lithos, a stone.]

Dendrology, den-drol′o-ji, n. a treatise on trees: the natural history of trees.—adj. Dendrolog′ical.—n. Dendrol′ogist. [Gr. dendron, a tree, and logia, a discourse.]

Dendrometer, dėn-drom′e-tėr, n. an instrument for ascertaining the height of a tree. [Gr. dendron, tree, metron, measure.]

Dene, dēn, n. a small valley.—n. Dene′-hole, an ancient artificial excavation in the chalk formations of Kent and Essex. [A form of dean. Cf. Den.]

Denegation, dē-ne-gā′shun, n. denial. [L. denegāre, -ātum, to deny—de, inten., and negāre, to deny.]

Dengue, deng′gā, n. an acute tropical epidemic fever, seldom fatal—also breakbone-fever, dandy-fever. [The Spanish dengue, refusing, prudery, from L. denegāre, to deny, seems to have been confused with dandy-fever.]

Denial, de-nī′al, n. act of denying or saying no: contradiction: refusal: rejection.—adj. Denī′able, that may be denied.—n. Denī′er, one who denies.

Denier, de-nēr′, n. (Shak.) an old small French silver coin: also later, a copper coin of the value of 1⁄12 sou—hence a very trifling sum. [Fr.,—L. denarius.]

Denigration, de-ni-grā′shun, n. a making or becoming black—esp. the blackening of a man's character.—v.t. Den′igrate (obs.). [L. de, inten., nigrāre, to blacken, niger, black.]

Denim, den′im, n. coloured twilled cotton goods for overalls, &c.

Denitrate, dē-nī′trāt, v.t. to free from nitric acid.—ns. Denitrā′tion; Denī′trificator.

Denizen, den′i-zn, n. an inhabitant (human or animal): one admitted to the rights of a citizen.—v.t. to make a denizen of: to provide with occupants.—v.i. to inhabit.—ns. Denizā′tion, act of making one a citizen; Den′izenship. [O. Fr. deinzein—deinz, dens (Fr. dans), within—L. de intus, from within.]

Dennet, den′et, n. a light gig.

Denominate, dē-nom′in-āt, v.t. to give a name to: to call.—adj. Denom′inable.—n. Denominā′tion, the act of naming: a name or title: a collection of individuals called by the same name: a sect.—adj. Denominā′tional, belonging to a denomination or sect.—n. Denominā′tionalism, a denominational or class spirit or policy: devotion to the interests of a sect.—adj. Denom′inative, giving or having a title.—adv. Denom′inatively.—n. Denom′inator, he who, or that which, gives a name: (arith.) the lower number in a vulgar fraction, which names the parts into which the integer is divided. [L. de, and nomināre, -ātum, to name—nomen, a name.]

Denote, dē-nōt′, v.t. to note or mark off: to indicate by a sign: to signify or mean: (log.) to indicate the objects comprehended in a class.—adj. Denō′table.—n. Denotā′tion, that which a word names or indicates, in contradistinction to that which it connotes or signifies.—adj. Denō′tative.—adv. Denō′tatively.—n. Denōte′ment (Shak.), a sign or indication. [Fr.,—L. denotāre, -ātum—de, inten., and notāre, to mark—nota, a mark or sign.]

Dénouement, dā-nōō′mong, n. the unravelling of a plot or story: the issue, event, or outcome. [Fr. dénouement or dénoûment; dénouer, to untie—de, neg., and nouer, to tie—L. nodus, a knot.]

Denounce, de-nowns′, v.t. to inform against or accuse publicly: (U.S.) to claim the right of working a mine, as being abandoned or insufficiently worked.—ns. Denounce′ment (same as Denunciation); Denounc′er. [Fr. dénoncer—L. denuntiāre—de, inten., and nuntiāre, to announce.]

Dense, dens, adj. thick, close, compact: impenetrably stupid.—n. a thicket.—adv. Dense′ly.—ns. Dense′ness; Dens′ity, the quality of being dense: the proportion of mass to bulk or volume: the quantity of matter per unit of bulk. [L. densus, thick.]

Densimeter, den-sim′et-ėr, n. an instrument for ascertaining the comparative density or specific gravity of a substance. [L. densus, dense, and metrum (Gr. metron), measure.]

Dent, dent, n. a small hollow made by the pressure or blow of a harder body on a softer.—v.t. to make a mark by means of a blow.—p.adj. Dent′ed, marked with dents: indented. [A variant of dint.]

Dent, dent, n. a notch.—v.t. to notch. [Confused with the preceding, but from Fr. dent, tooth—L. dens, dentis.]

Dentagra, den-tag′ra, n. a tooth-drawing forceps: toothache.

Dental, den′tal, adj. belonging to the teeth: produced by the aid of the teeth.—n. an articulation or letter pronounced chiefly with the teeth.—adj. Den′tary, belonging to dentition, bearing teeth.—n. the distal element of the jaw of vertebrates below mammals.—Dental engine, a mechanical appliance giving a rotary motion to a dentist's boring instruments. [L. dens, dentis, a tooth. See Tooth.]

Dentate, -d, den′tāt, -ed, adj. toothed: notched: set as with teeth. [L. dentatus, toothed, dens, a tooth.]

Dentel. See Dentil.

Dentex, den′teks, n. a voracious sparoid fish.

Denticle, den′ti-kl, n. a small tooth.—adjs. Dentic′ulāte, -d, having notches.—n. Denticulā′tion. [L. denticulus, dim. of dens, a tooth.]

Dentiform, den′ti-form, adj. having the form of a tooth or of teeth. [L. dens, dentis, tooth, and forma, form.]

Dentifrice, den′ti-fris, n. a substance used in rubbing or cleaning the teeth. [Fr.,—L. dentifricium, from dens, and fricāre, to rub.]

Dentigerous, den-tij′e-rus, adj. bearing teeth.

Dentil, den′til, n. a denticle: (pl.) small square blocks or projections in the bed-mouldings of the cornices of columns—also Den′tel.—adj. Den′tilated. [See Denticle.]

Dentilingual, den-ti-ling′-gwal, adj. formed between the teeth and the tongue, as th in thin, this.—n. a consonant so formed.—Also Dentoling′ual. [L. dent-, dens, a tooth, lingua, the tongue.]

Dentine, Dentin, den′tin, n. the substance of which the tooth is formed, under the enamel. [L. dens, dentis, a tooth.]

Dentirostral, den-ti-ros′tral, adj. having the mandibles of the beak toothed or notched, as certain birds. [L. dens, dentis, a tooth, and rostrum, a beak.]

Dentist, den′tist, n. one who remedies diseases of the teeth, or inserts artificial teeth.—v.i. Den′tise, to cut one's teeth.—ns. Den′tistry, the business of a dentist; Denti′tion, the cutting or growing of teeth: the conformation, number, and arrangement of the teeth.

Dentoid, den′toid, adj. formed or shaped like a tooth. [L. dens, dentis, a tooth, and Gr. eidos, form.]

Dentolingual. See Dentilingual.

Denude, de-nūd′, v.t. to make nude or naked: to lay bare.—n. Denudā′tion, a making nude or bare: (geol.) the wearing away of rocks by water and atmospheric action, whereby the underlying rocks are laid bare. [L. denudāre—de, inten., and nudāre, -ātum, to make naked—nudus, naked.]

Denunciate, de-nun′shi-āt, v.t. same as Denounce.—ns. Denunciation (-shi-ā′-, or -si-ā′-), any formal declaration: act of denouncing: a threat; Denun′ciator, one who denounces.—adj. Denun′ciatory, containing a denunciation: threatening.

Deny, de-nī′, v.t. to gainsay or declare not to be true: to reject: to refuse admission to: to disown:—pr.p. deny′ing; pa.p. denied′.—adv. Deny′ingly.—Deny one's self, to deny one's self the indulgence of bodily appetites and carnal inclinations: to exercise self-denial. [Fr. denier—L. denegāre—de, inten., and negāre, to say no. See Negation.]

Deobstruent, de-ob′strōō-ent, adj. (med.) removing obstructions.

Deodand, dē′o-dand, n. in old English law, a personal chattel which had been the immediate, accidental cause of the death of a human being, forfeited to the crown for pious uses. [L. deo, to God, dandum, that must be given—dăre, to give.]

Deodar, de-o-där′, n. a cedar much praised by Indian poets: the Cedrus Deodara of the Himalayas. [Sans. Deva-dāru, divine tree—a name given to various coniferous trees growing in sacred places.]

Deodate, dē′ō-dāt, n. a gift from God. [L. deo, to God, datum, given part, pa.p. of dăre, to give.]

Deodorise, dē-ō′dor-īz, v.t. to take the odour or smell from.—ns. Deodorisā′tion; Deō′doriser, a substance that destroys or conceals unpleasant smells.

Deontology, dē-on-tol′ō-ji, n. the science of duty, ethics.—adj. Deontolog′ical.—n. Deontol′ogist.

Deoppilate, dē-op′i-lāt, v.t. to free from obstruction.—n. Deoppilā′tion.—adj. Deop′pilative.

Deoxidate, de-oks′i-dāt, v.t. to take oxygen from, or reduce from the state of an oxide—also Deox′idise.—ns. Deoxidā′tion; Deoxidī′ser, a substance that deoxidises.

Deoxygenate, de-oks-ij′en-āt, v.t. to deprive of oxygen.—Also Deoxy′genise.

Deozonise, de-ō-zōn′īz, v.t. to deprive of ozone.

Depaint, de-pānt′, v.t. (Spens.) to paint: depict.

Depart, de-pärt′, v.i. to go away: to quit or leave: to die: (obs.) to separate from one another.—v.t. (obs.) to separate, divide.—ns. Depart′er; Depart′ing; Depart′ure, act of departing: a going away from a place: deviation: the distance in nautical miles made good by a ship due east or west: death.—A new departure, a change of purpose or method, a new course of procedure.—The departed, the deceased. [Fr. départir—L. de, from, and partīri, to part, to divide.]

Department, de-pärt′ment, n. a part: a separate part of business or duty: a section of the administration: a division of a country, esp. of France.—adj. Department′al.—adv. Department′ally.

Depasture, de-pas′tūr, v.t. to eat bare.—v.i. to graze.

Depauperise, de-paw′per-īz, v.t. to remove from the state of paupers.—v.t. Depau′perate, to impoverish.

Depeinct, de-pānt′, v.t. (Spens.) to paint.

Depend, de-pend′, v.i. to hang down: to be sustained by or connected with anything: to be pending: to rely: to rest.—adjs. Depend′able, that may be depended on; Depend′ent, depending, relying on, contingent, relative.—n. a subordinate: a hanger-on—also Depend′ant.—ns. Depend′ence, state of being dependent, reliance, trust: that on which one depends—also Depend′ance; Depend′ency, same as Dependence, in the additional sense of a foreign territory dependent on the mother-country, a kind of subordinate colony without self-government.—adj. Depend′ing, still undetermined.—adv. Depend′ingly. [Fr. dépendre—L. dependēre—de, from, and pendēre, to hang.]

Depersonalise, dē-per′son-al-īz, v.t. to take away the characteristics that constitute the personality of.

Dephlegmate, de-fleg′māt, v.t. (chem.) to free from water.—ns. Dephlegmā′tion; Dephlegmā′tor.

Dephlogisticate, de-flo-jis′ti-kāt, v.t. to deprive of phlogiston, once supposed to be the principle of heat.—Dephlogisticated air, the name given by Priestley to oxygen when discovered by him in 1774.

Depict, de-pikt′, v.t. to paint carefully: to make a likeness of: to describe minutely. [L. depingĕre, depictum—de, inten., pingĕre, to paint.]

Depicture, de-pikt′ūr, v.t. to picture: to paint: to represent:—pr.p. depict′ūring; pa.p. depict′ūred.

Depilate, dep′i-lāt, v.t. to remove the hair from.—ns. Depilā′tion; Depil′atory, an application for removing superfluous hairs.—adj. possessing this quality.

Deplantation, dē-plan-tā′shun, n. the act of clearing from plants or of transplanting.

Deplete, de-plēt′, v.t. to empty, reduce, exhaust.—n. Deplē′tion, the act of emptying or exhausting: (med.) the act of relieving congestion or plethora, by purging, blood-letting, or reduction of the system by abstinence.—adjs. Deplē′tive, Deplē′tory. [L. deplēre, deplētum, to empty, de, neg., plēre, to fill.]

Deplication, dep-li-kā′shun, n. an unfolding or unplaiting.

Deplore, de-plōr′, v.t. to feel or express deep grief for.—adj. Deplor′able, lamentable: sad.—n. Deplor′ableness.—adv. Deplor′ably.—n. Deplorā′tion (obs.), lamentation.—adv. Deplor′ingly. [Fr.,—L. deplorāre—de, inten., plorāre, to weep.]

Deploy, de-ploy′, v.t. to unfold: to open out or extend.—v.i. to open: to extend from column into line, as a body of troops.—ns. Deploy′, Deploy′ment. [Fr. déployer—L. dis, apart, and plicāre, to fold. Doublet of display.]

Deplume, de-plōōm′, v.t. to take the plumes or feathers from.—n. Deplumā′tion.

Depolarise, de-pō′lar-īz, v.t. to deprive of polarity.—n. Depolarisā′tion.

Depone, de-pōn′, v.t. to testify upon oath. [L. deponĕre—de, down, and ponĕre, to place.]

Deponent, de-pō′nent, adj. (gram.) applied to verbs with a passive form but an active signification.—n. one who makes a deposition, esp. under oath, or whose written testimony is used as evidence in a court of justice. [L., pr.p. of deponĕre.]

Depopulate, de-pop′ū-lāt, v.t. to deprive of population, to dispeople.—v.i. to become dispeopled.—adj. depopulated.—ns. Depopulā′tion, act of depopulating: havoc: destruction; Depop′ulator. [L. depopulāri, depopulātus—de, inten., and populāri, to spread over a country, said of a hostile people (L. populus)—hence to ravage, to destroy. Some make it a freq. of spoliāre, to plunder.]

Deport, de-pōrt′, v.t. to transport, to exile: to behave.—ns. Deportā′tion, transportation, exile; Deport′ment, carriage, behaviour. [Fr.,—L. deportāre—de, away, and portāre, -ātum, to carry.]

Depose, de-pōz′, v.t. to remove from a high station: to degrade: to strip: to attest: (Shak.) to examine on oath.—adj. Depos′able.—n. Depos′al. [Fr.,—L. de, from, pausāre, to pause, (late) to place.]

Deposit, de-poz′it, v.t. to put or set down: to place: to lay up or past: to entrust.—n. that which is deposited or put down: (geol.) rocks produced by precipitation from a fluid medium, by settling from a solution in water: something entrusted to another's care, esp. money put in a bank: a pledge: a bailment where one entrusts goods to another to be kept without recompense—in Scots law, Depositā′tion.—ns. Depos′itary, a person with whom anything is left for safe keeping: a guardian—sometimes Depos′itory.—adj. Depos′itive.—ns. Depos′itor; Depos′itory, a place where anything is deposited—sometimes Depos′itary. [Fr.,—L. depositum, placed—deponĕre, from de, and ponĕre, to put down.]

Deposition, dep-o-zish′un, n. act of deposing: act of deponing: declaration, testimony taken authoritatively, to be used as a substitute for the production of the witness in open court: removal: act of depositing: what is deposited, sediment.

Depot, dep′ō, de′pō, or dē′pō, n. a place of deposit: a storehouse: a military station where stores are kept and recruits trained: the headquarters of a regiment: the portion of a regiment that remains at home when the rest go on foreign service: (U.S.) a railway station. [Fr. depôt—L. deponĕre, -positum.]

Deprave, de-prāv′, v.t. to make bad or worse: to corrupt.—n. Depravā′tion, act of depraving: state of being depraved: depravity.—adj. Deprāved′, corrupt.—adv. Deprāv′edly.—ns. Deprāv′edness; Deprave′ment, vitiation.—adv. Deprāv′ingly.—n. Deprav′ity, a vitiated or corrupt state of moral character: extreme wickedness: corruption: (theol.) the hereditary tendency of man toward sin: original sin. [Fr.,—L. depravāre—de, inten., pravus, bad.]

Deprecate, dep′re-kāt, v.t. to try to ward off by prayer: to desire earnestly the prevention or removal of: to regret deeply: to argue against.—adj. Dep′recable, that is to be deprecated.—n. Deprecā′tion, act of deprecating, earnest prayer, esp. a special petition against some evil, in litanies.—adv. Dep′recatingly.—adjs. Dep′recative, Dep′recatory, tending to avert evil by prayer: having the form of prayer.—n. Dep′recator. [L. deprecāri, deprecātus—de, away, and precāri, to pray.]

Depreciate, de-prē′shi-āt, v.t. to lower the worth of: to undervalue: to disparage.—v.i. to fall in value.—n. Depreciā′tion, the falling of value: disparagement.—adjs. Deprē′ciative, Deprē′ciatory, tending to depreciate or lower.—n. Deprē′ciator. [L. depretiāre, -ātum—de, down, and pretium, price.]

Depredate, dep′re-dāt, v.t. to plunder or prey upon: to rob: to lay waste: to devour.—ns. Depredā′tion, act of plundering: state of being depredated; Dep′redator.—adj. Dep′redatory. [L. deprædāri, -ātus—de, inten., and prædāri—præda, plunder.]

Deprehend, dep′re-hend, v.t. to catch, seize: to apprehend. [Through Fr. from L. deprehendĕre—de, and prehendĕre, to take.]

Depress, de-pres′, v.t. to press down: to let down: to lower: to humble: to make subject: to dispirit or cast a gloom over.—n. Depres′sant (med.), a sedative.—p.adj. Depressed′, pressed down: lowered: humbled: dejected: dispirited.—adj. Depres′sing, able or tending to depress.—adv. Depres′singly.—ns. Depres′sion, a falling in or sinking: a lowering: a fall of the barometer: a hollow: abasement: dejection; Depres′sor, an oppressor: a muscle that draws down: a surgical instrument for squeezing down a soft part. [L. deprimĕre, -pressum—de, down, and primĕre, to press.]

Deprive, de-prīv′, v.t. to take away from one his own: in take from: to dispossess: to degrade (a clergyman) from office: to bereave.—n. Deprivā′tion, act of depriving: state of being deprived: degradation from office: loss: bereavement: suffering from hardship.—adj. Depriv′ative.—n. Deprive′ment. [Low L. deprivāre, to degrade—L. de, from, and privāre, to deprive—privus, one's own.]

De profundis, dē prō-fun′dis, 'Out of the depths,' the first words of the 130th Psalm—also used as a name for this penitential psalm. [L.]

Depth, depth, n. deepness: the measure of deepness down or inwards: a deep place: the sea: the middle, as depth of winter: abstruseness: extent of sagacity and penetration.—adj. Depth′less, having no depth.—Out of one's depth, in water where one cannot touch bottom: in water too deep for one's safety: beyond one's faculties.—The depths, the lowest pitch of humiliation and misery. [Not in A.S.; Skeat makes it Ice. dýpð, from djúpr, deep.]

Depurate, dep′ū-rāt, v.t. to purify: sometimes to render impure.—ns. Depurā′tion; Dep′urator.—adj. Dep′uratory. [Low L. depurāre, -ātum, to purify—L. de, and purāre, to purify—purus, pure.]

Depute, de-pūt′, v.t. to appoint or send, as a substitute or agent: to send with a special commission: to make over one's powers to another.—adj. in Scotland, appointed deputy (as in sheriff-depute—often called simply the depute).—n. Deputā′tion, act of deputing: the person or persons deputed or appointed to transact business for another: persons sent to state a case before a government official.—v.t. Dep′utise, to appoint as deputy.—v.i. to act as such.—n. Dep′uty, one deputed or appointed to act for another: a delegate or representative, or substitute. [Fr.,—L. deputāre, to cut off, (late) to select.]

Deracinate, de-ras′i-nāt, v.t. to pluck up by the roots. [Fr. déraciner—L. de, and radix, radĭcis, a root.]

Derail, de-rāl′, v.t. to cause to leave the rails.—n. Derail′ment.

Derain, de-rān′, v.t. to prove: to justify: to win by fighting: to prepare for battle: to arrange in order of battle.—Also Deraign′, Darrain′, Darrayne′. [O. Fr. derainier, desraisnier—Late L. derationāre, to vindicate—L. de or dis, and rationāre, to discourse; ratio, reason.]

Derange, de-rānj′, v.t. to put out of place or order: to disorder.—p.adj. Deranged′, disordered: insane.—n. Derange′ment, disorder; insanity. [Fr. déranger—dé (L. dis), asunder, and ranger, to rank.]

Deray, de-rā′, v.t. to derange.—v.i. to go wild.—n. tumult, disorder. [O. Fr. desreer—des, neg., and rei, roi, order. See Array.]

Derbend, der′bend, n. a wayside Turkish guardhouse.

Derby, där′bi, n. a great horse-race held annually on the Derby Day, on the Wednesday before Whitsuntide, on Epsom Downs, near London, so called from the Derby stakes, instituted by the Earl of Derby in 1780; a rounded felt hat with narrow brim.—ns. Der′byshire-neck, a form of the disease goitre, occurring in Derbyshire; Der′byshire-spar, a fluorspar found in Derbyshire.